Wolof
This group represents about 43.3% of the population of the country. They live predominantly in the west, having descended from some of the groups that once lived in that area, such as Cayor, Jolof and Waalo. This population is centered in large cities, which explains why their language is one of the most used other than English and French. The growing use of their language has been called the "wolofisation" of Senegal. Most of the Wolof people group are Muslim.
Fulani
This is the second most populous group, making up about 23.8% of the population. They became powerful in Senegal during the 600's. During the 1700's, many of the Fulani converted to Islam and conquered some of their neighbors in wars over religion. This people group started in Senegal and Gambia, and have now spread as far as Cameroon and Nigeria in the east. Now their land mass is larger than that of the Wolofs, but there are areas that are sparsely populated.